Tooth Abrasion

DENTAL ABRASION

Abrasion is the loss of tooth structure by mechanical forces from a foreign element. If this force begins at the cementoenamel junction (which is where the enamel meets the cementum-cementum covers the root surface) , then the progression of tooth loss can be rapid since the enamel is very thin in this region of the tooth. Once past the enamel, abrasion quickly destroys the softer dentin and cementum structures.

Possible sources of this wearing of tooth are toothbrushes, toothpicks, floss, and any dental appliance frequently set in and removed from the mouth. The appearance is commonly described as V-shaped when caused by excessive pressure during tooth brushing. Abrasion is seen at the cervical necks of the teeth, as a deep ridge on the buccal (cheek) and labial (lip) surfaces. The surface is shiny rather than carious, and sometimes the ridge is deep enough to see the pulp chamber within the tooth itself.

The teeth most commonly affected are premolars and canines.

TREATMENT

Modification of oral hygiene habit (such as overzealous brushing, use of a soft bristle toothbrush) is important to prevent further progression. Existing abrasion lesions can be restored by dental fillings.

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